Rats are smart and can be trained to do tricks, be handled, and run mazes.
The minimum size cage for two rates is 2 feet by 2 feet by 2 feet. Like with all the other small rodents, bigger is better, and multi-level is even better. The cage should be in a quiet spot, free from direct sun and drafts. They also like to nest, so a little box, like a tissue box, with some bedding will be nice for them to snuggle in.
Paper or straw pellets are very absorbent and make great bedding for rates. Another good choice is shredded paper or cardboard and fleece, or other types of textiles. When using paper or cardboard, be sure that there is no toxic ink on the material. Don’t use cedar or pine, cat litter, or corn cob litter.
In addition to rat food you buy at the store, you can feed your rat fruits. Vegetables, whole grains, and even yogurt. You can leave the bowl or pellets out all day and just replace them with new pellets after 24 hours because rats like to graze.
They are pretty sociable and do best when kept in pairs. Two females usually get along well, two males can coexist, especially if they are introduced when they are young, and a mixed-sex pair will be fine as long as they are spayed or neutered.
They are pretty smart so they can be trained to do tricks and they easily get used to holding or cuddling with their humans. You can also litter box train them. They generally like to relieve themselves in the same spot anyway, so put a box where they seem to like to go and put soiled bedding in it. Make sure you keep the box clean because if it gets too dirty, they will stop using it.
Rats should be let to roam free in a rat safe environment or a playpen daily. Just know that rats like to chew, so keep electrical cords and valuables away from them. Also, they like to mark their territory, so they’ll pee a litle bit when they are out and even when they are being held.
Give them plenty of toys and things to chew on. They get bored easily, so rotate their toys.
Rats are larger than mice, hamsters, and gerbils. They can grow to be 14-18 inches long and weigh 0.5 - 1.5 pounds.
They usually live between 2-3 years. Common health problems include teeth growing too much, obesity, and tumors. You should observe your pet rat’s behavior and if the behavior changes, take them to a vet.
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